Social network Snapchat (NYSE: SNAP) missed analyst expectations in Q1 FY2023 quarter, with revenue down 6.97% year on year to $988.6 million. Snap made a GAAP loss of $328.7 million, improving on its loss of $359.6 million, in the same quarter last year.
Snap (SNAP) Q1 FY2023 Highlights:
- Revenue: $988.6 million vs analyst estimates of $1.01 billion (2.19% miss)
- EPS (non-GAAP): $0.01 vs analyst estimates of -$0.01 ($0.02 beat)
- Free cash flow of $103.5 million, up 32% from previous quarter
- Gross Margin (GAAP): 55.5%, down from 60.4% same quarter last year
- Daily Active Users: 383 million, up 51 million year on year
Founded by Stanford University students Evan Spiegel, Reggie Brown, and Bobby Murphy, and originally called Picaboo, Snapchat (NYSE: SNAP) is an image centric social media network.
Snapchat differentiates itself from other social networks through product innovation around Augmented Reality (AR), demographics, and the ephemeral nature of its messaging and Stories. Snapchat is a mobile first, camera centric image messaging app whose disappearing messages are meant to emphasize personal expression and living in the moment. The Snapchat platform has 5 distinct features: the main Camera tab, where users send snaps to friends, Communication (messaging/video calls), Snap Map (personalized map that shows friends and local businesses), Stories (content from users, news, and professionally generated content), and Spotlight (sort of a TikTok-like never ending spool of content Snapchat tailors to a user’s likes).
More so than other social networks, Snapchat is geared to digital natives, specifically 13-34 year olds. This is what makes the platform appealing to advertisers - its unique ability to address a hard to reach demographic at scale. The majority of under 35s in the US, Australia, and Western Europe use Snapchat. Originally built only for iOS, Snapchat introduced a version for Android in 2019, which is why rest of world adoption is still in its early stages. The reason advertisers have flocked to Snapchat is the very high ROI for advertisers: the cost of advertising on Snap remains low.
Businesses must meet their customers where they are, which over the past decade has come to mean on social networks. In 2020, users spent over 2.5 hours a day on social networks, a figure that has increased every year since measurement began. As a result, businesses continue to shift their advertising and marketing dollars online.
Snapchat (NYSE: SNAP) competes with fellow social media advertising platforms like Google (NASDAQ: GOOGL), Meta Platforms (NASDAQ:FB), Twitter (NYSE: TWTR), and Pinterest (NASDAQ: PINS)
Sales Growth
Snap's revenue growth over the last three years has been very strong, averaging 38.7% annually. This quarter, Snap reported a rather lacklustre 6.97% year on year revenue decline, missing analyst expectations.
Ahead of the earnings results the analysts covering the company were estimating sales to grow 7.09% over the next twelve months.
Usage Growth
As a social network, Snap can generate revenue growth by increasing user numbers, and by charging more for the ads each user is exposed to.
Over the last two years the number of Snap's daily active users, a key usage metric for the company, grew 19.4% annually to 383 million. This is a strong growth for a consumer internet company.
In Q1 the company added 51 million daily active users, translating to a 15.4% growth year on year.
Revenue Per User
Average revenue per user (ARPU) is a critical metric to track for every consumer internet product and for Snap it measures how much it makes off ads served to each user, proxy for how valuable advertisers find its audience and its ad-targeting capabilities.
Snap’s ARPU growth has been decent over the last two years, averaging 11.1%. The ability to increase price while still growing its daily active users shows the value of Snap’s platform. This quarter, ARPU shrank 19.4% year on year, settling in at $2.58 for each of the daily active users.
User Acquisition Efficiency
Unlike enterprise software that is typically sold by sales teams, consumer internet businesses like Snap grow by a combination of product virality, paid advertisement or incentives.
It is relatively expensive for Snap to acquire new users, with the company spending 41.8% of its gross profit on marketing over the last year. This level of sales and marketing spend efficiency indicates Snap has to compete for users and points to Snap likely having to continue to invest to maintain growth.
Earnings & Free Cash Flow
Investors typically look at a company’s operating income to get a sense of how profitable a core business is. Adjusted EBITDA is the most common profitability metric for consumer internet companies, similar to operating profit, but removes various one time or non-cash expenses to give a more normalized measure of profitability.
Snap's EBITDA came in at $813 thousand this quarter, which translated to a 0.08% margin. Over the last twelve months Snap has shown a solid, above-average profitability for a consumer internet business with average EBITDA margins of 6.28%.
If you follow StockStory for a while, you know that we put an emphasis on cash flow. Why, you ask? We believe that in the end cash is king, as you can't use accounting profits to pay the bills. Snap's free cash flow came in at $103.5 million in Q1, roughly the same as last year.
Snap has generated $52.5 million in free cash flow over the last twelve months, a 1.16% of revenues. This FCF margin is a result of Snap asset lite business model, and provides it with the optionality to further invest in the business.
Key Takeaways from Snap's Q1 Results
Sporting a market capitalization of $15.6 billion, more than $4.1 billion in cash and with positive free cash flow over the last twelve months, we're confident that Snap has the resources it needs to pursue a high growth business strategy.
Revenue growth was quite weak and missed analysts' revenue expectations, with both daily active users and revenue per user below expectations. EBITDA also missed. The company is again not providing guidance, a worrisome sign about whether management has a hold on the direction of the business. Overall, this quarter's results show that the company is still deteriorating despite social media and advertising peers reporting strong results, a potential signal of big company-specific problems. The company is down 20.8% on the results and currently trades at $8.29 per share.
Is Now The Time?
Snap may have had a bad quarter, but investors should also consider its valuation and business qualities, when assessing the investment opportunity. Although Snap is not a bad business, it probably wouldn't be one of our picks. Its revenue growth has been impressive, and that growth rate is even expected to increase in the short term.
At the moment Snap trades at next twelve months EV/EBITDA 33.4x. In the end, beauty is in the eye of the beholder. While Snap wouldn't be our first pick, if you like the business, the shares are trading at a pretty interesting price point right now.
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