Capital Southwest (CSWC)

Business development company Capital Southwest (NASDAQ:CSWC) announced better-than-expected revenue in Q4 CY2025, with sales up 18.2% year on year to $61.45 million. Its GAAP profit of $0.54 per share was 8.2% below analysts’ consensus estimates.

Company Overview

Originally founded in 1961 as a venture capital investor that helped launch Texas Instruments, Capital Southwest (NASDAQ:CSWC) is a business development company that provides debt and equity financing to middle-market companies primarily in the United States.

Specialty finance companies provide targeted lending or financial services for specific industries or needs. They benefit from expertise in particular sectors, often reduced competition in specialized niches, and tailored underwriting that can yield higher margins. Challenges include concentration risk in specific industries, difficulty achieving scale efficiencies, and potential vulnerability during sector-specific downturns affecting their specialized markets.

Capital Southwest competes with other publicly traded business development companies including Ares Capital (NASDAQ:ARCC), Main Street Capital (NYSE:MAIN), and Golub Capital (NASDAQ:GBDC), as well as private credit funds managed by large asset managers.

A company’s long-term performance is an indicator of its overall quality. Any business can experience short-term success, but top-performing ones enjoy sustained growth for years. Luckily, Capital Southwest’s revenue grew at an incredible 28% compounded annual growth rate over the last five years. Its growth beat the average financials company and shows its offerings resonate with customers.

Long-term growth is the most important, but within financials, a half-decade historical view may miss recent interest rate changes and market returns. Capital Southwest’s annualized revenue growth of 15.9% over the last two years is below its five-year trend, but we still think the results suggest healthy demand. Note: Quarters not shown were determined to be outliers, impacted by outsized investment gains/losses that are not indicative of the recurring fundamentals of the business.

This quarter, Capital Southwest reported year-on-year revenue growth of 18.2%, and its $61.45 million of revenue exceeded Wall Street’s estimates by 5.3%.

Revenue growth is one major determinant of business quality, and the efficiency of operations is another. For Specialty Finance companies, we look at pre-tax profit rather than the operating margin that defines sectors such as consumer, tech, and industrials.

The pre-tax profit margin includes interest because it's central to how financial institutions generate revenue and manage costs. Tax considerations are excluded since they represent government policy rather than operational performance, giving investors a clearer view of business fundamentals.

Over the last five years, Capital Southwest’s pre-tax profit margin has fallen by 20.9 percentage points, going from 44.5% to 47.8%. However, the company gave back some of its expense savings as its pre-tax profit margin declined by 4.9 percentage points on a two-year basis.

Capital Southwest’s pre-tax profit margin came in at 56.4% this quarter. This result was 24.4 percentage points better than the same quarter last year.

We track the long-term change in earnings per share (EPS) for the same reason as long-term revenue growth. Compared to revenue, however, EPS highlights whether a company’s growth is profitable.

Capital Southwest’s EPS grew at a remarkable 18.8% compounded annual growth rate over the last five years. Despite its pre-tax profit margin improvement during that time, this performance was lower than its 28% annualized revenue growth, telling us that non-fundamental factors such as interest and taxes affected its ultimate earnings.

Like with revenue, we analyze EPS over a shorter period to see if we are missing a change in the business.

For Capital Southwest, its two-year annual EPS declines of 10.2% mark a reversal from its (seemingly) healthy five-year trend. We hope Capital Southwest can return to earnings growth in the future.

In Q4, Capital Southwest reported EPS of $0.54, up from $0.34 in the same quarter last year. Despite growing year on year, this print missed analysts’ estimates, but we care more about long-term EPS growth than short-term movements. Over the next 12 months, Wall Street expects Capital Southwest’s full-year EPS of $1.85 to grow 19.5%.

Return on equity (ROE) reveals the profit generated per dollar of shareholder equity, which represents a key source of bank funding. Banks maintaining elevated ROE levels tend to accelerate wealth creation for shareholders via earnings retention, buybacks, and distributions.

Over the last five years, Capital Southwest has averaged an ROE of 10.1%, respectable for a company operating in a sector where the average shakes out around 10% and those putting up 25%+ are greatly admired.

The debt-to-equity ratio is a widely used measure to assess a company's balance sheet health. A higher ratio means that a business aggressively financed its growth with debt. This can result in higher earnings (if the borrowed funds are invested profitably) but also increases risk.

If debt levels are too high, there could be difficulties in meeting obligations, especially during economic downturns or periods of rising interest rates if the debt has variable-rate payments.

Capital Southwest currently has $1.07 billion of debt and $995.6 million of shareholder's equity on its balance sheet, and over the past four quarters, has averaged a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.1×. We think this is safe and raises no red flags. In general, we’re comfortable with any ratio below 3.5× for a financials business.

We enjoyed seeing Capital Southwest beat analysts’ revenue expectations this quarter. On the other hand, its EPS missed. Zooming out, we think this was a mixed quarter. The stock traded up 1.9% to $23.61 immediately after reporting.

Updated: February 3, 2026 at 12:05 AM EST

Before deciding whether to buy Capital Southwest or pass, we urge investors to consider business quality, valuation, and the latest quarterly results.

Capital Southwest isn’t a terrible business, but it doesn’t pass our bar. Although its revenue growth was exceptional over the last five years, it’s expected to deteriorate over the next 12 months and its unimpressive EPS growth over the last five years shows it’s failed to produce meaningful profits for shareholders.

Capital Southwest’s P/E ratio based on the next 12 months is 10.4x. Investors with a higher risk tolerance might like the company, but we don’t really see a big opportunity at the moment. We're fairly confident there are better investments elsewhere.

Wall Street analysts have a consensus one-year price target of $23.92 on the company (compared to the current share price of $23.52).